This lesson provides an overview of the current status in the field of neuroscientific ontologies, presenting examples of data organization and standards, particularly from neuroimaging and electrophysiology. 

This lesson continues from part one of the lecture Ontologies, Databases, and Standards, diving deeper into a description of ontologies and knowledg graphs. 

This lecture covers the NIDM data format within BIDS to make your datasets more searchable, and how to optimize your dataset searches.

This lecture covers positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS), and how they work together within the PET-BIDS standard to make neuroscience more open and FAIR.

This lecture discusses the FAIR principles as they apply to electrophysiology data and metadata, the building blocks for community tools and standards, platforms and grassroots initiatives, and the challenges therein.

This lecture discusses how to standardize electrophysiology data organization to move towards being more FAIR.

The International Brain Initiative (IBI) is a consortium of the world’s major large-scale brain initiatives and other organizations with a vested interest in catalyzing and advancing neuroscience research through international collaboration and knowledge sharing. This workshop introduces the IBI, the efforts of the Data Standards and Sharing Working Group,  and keynote lectures on the impact of data standards and sharing on large-scale brain projects, as well as a discussion on prospects and needs for neural data sharing.

This lecture covers visualizing extracellular neurotransmitter dynamics

This lesson goes over the basic mechanisms of neural synapses, the space between neurons where signals may be transmitted. 

This lesson describes spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), a biological process that adjusts the strength of connections between neurons in the brain, and how one can implement or mimic this process in a computational model. You will also find links for practical exercises at the bottom of this page. 

This lesson discusses a gripping neuroscientific question: why have neurons developed the discrete action potential, or spike, as a principle method of communication? 

This lecture consists of the second half of the introduction to signal transduction, here focusing on cell receptors and signalling cascades.

In this lesson, you will learn about GABAergic interneurons and local inhibition on the circuit level.

This lecture provides an introduction to the study of eye-tracking in humans. 

From the retina to the superior colliculus, the lateral geniculate nucleus into primary visual cortex and beyond, this lecture gives a tour of the mammalian visual system highlighting the Nobel-prize winning discoveries of Hubel & Wiesel.

From Universal Turing Machines to McCulloch-Pitts and Hopfield associative memory networks, this lecture explains what is meant by computation.

In an overview of the structure of the mammalian neocortex, this lecture explains how the mammalian cortex is organized in a hierarchy, describing the columnar principle and canonical microcircuits.

The retina has 60 different types of neurons. What are their functions? This lecture explores the definition of cell types and their functions in the mammalian retina.

Optical imaging offers a look inside the working brain. This lecture takes a look at orientation and ocular dominance columns in the visual cortex, and shows how they can be viewed with calcium imaging.

Functional imaging has led to the discovery of a plethora of visual cortical regions. This lecture introduces functional imaging techniques and their teachings about the visual cortex.