Tutorial 1: Linear Dynamical Systems

This tutorial covers the behavior of dynamical systems, systems that evolve in time, where the rules by which they evolve in time are described precisely by a differential equation. 

Differential equations are equations that express the rate of change of the state variable 𝑥. One typically describes this rate of change using the derivative of 𝑥 with respect to time (𝑑𝑥/𝑑𝑡) on the left hand side of the differential equation: 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑡=𝑓(𝑥). A common notational short-hand is to write 𝑥˙ for 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑡. The dot means "the derivative with respect to time".